Introduction to Instructional Design
Expert-defined terms from the Professional Certificate in Instructional Design (United Kingdom) course at London School of Planning and Management. Free to read, free to share, paired with a professional course.
Affective Domain refers to the emotional aspect of learning, which involves the… #
Related terms include Krathwohl and Bloom, who identified the affective domain as a crucial aspect of the learning process. The affective domain is divided into five categories: Receiving, responding, valuing, organizing, and characterizing, each representing a different level of emotional engagement. For example, a learning objective that aims to develop a positive attitude towards a particular subject would be classified under the affective domain.
Addie Model is a systematic approach to Instructional Design that involve… #
Related terms include systematic design and instructional systems design, which emphasize the importance of a structured approach to designing learning experiences. The Addie Model is widely used in the field of Instructional Design as it provides a clear and structured approach to designing learning experiences. For instance, during the analysis phase, designers identify the learning problem, define the target audience, and determine the learning objectives. The design phase involves creating a detailed design plan, including the selection of instructional strategies and media.
Andragogy refers to the art and science of teaching adults, which involves under… #
Related terms include pedagogy and self-directed learning, which highlight the importance of considering the learner's autonomy and experience in the design of learning experiences. Andragogy is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that cater to the needs and preferences of adult learners. For example, andragogy emphasizes the importance of providing opportunities for adult learners to take ownership of their learning, set their own goals, and apply their prior experiences to new learning situations.
Assessment refers to the process of evaluating student learning, which involves… #
Related terms include evaluation and measurement, which highlight the importance of using assessment data to improve the quality of learning experiences. Assessment is a crucial aspect of Instructional Design as it helps designers determine the effectiveness of their designs and make data-driven decisions to improve learner outcomes. For instance, formative assessment involves evaluating student learning during the learning process, while summative assessment involves evaluating student learning at the end of the learning process.
Asynchronous Learning refers to a type of learning that occurs at different time… #
Related terms include synchronous learning and online learning, which highlight the importance of considering the timing and location of learning in the design of learning experiences. Asynchronous learning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create flexible and accessible learning experiences that cater to the needs of diverse learners. For example, online discussion forums and email are commonly used to facilitate asynchronous learning.
Authentic Learning refers to a type of learning that involves real #
world applications and scenarios, which helps learners develop practical skills and apply theoretical knowledge to real-world problems. Related terms include problem-based learning and project-based learning, which emphasize the importance of using authentic contexts to promote deeper learning. Authentic learning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are relevant, engaging, and effective in preparing learners for real-world challenges. For instance, a learning objective that involves designing a solution to a real-world problem would be classified as authentic learning.
Bloom's Taxonomy is a framework for categorizing learning objectives into differ… #
Related terms include cognitive domain and learning objectives, which highlight the importance of considering the cognitive complexity of learning outcomes in the design of learning experiences. Bloom's Taxonomy is widely used in the field of Instructional Design as it provides a clear and structured approach to designing learning experiences that promote higher-order thinking. For example, a learning objective that involves analyzing a complex problem would be classified as a higher-order thinking skill.
Cognitive Domain refers to the mental processes involved in learning, which incl… #
Related terms include affective domain and psychomotor domain, which highlight the importance of considering the cognitive, emotional, and physical aspects of learning in the design of learning experiences. The cognitive domain is divided into six categories: Remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating, each representing a different level of cognitive complexity. For instance, a learning objective that involves applying theoretical knowledge to a practical problem would be classified under the cognitive domain.
Cognitive Load Theory refers to the idea that learners have limited cognitive ca… #
Related terms include working memory and information processing, which highlight the importance of considering the cognitive demands of learning in the design of learning experiences. Cognitive Load Theory is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are efficient, effective, and easy to understand. For example, designers can use strategies such as chunking, scaffolding, and feedback to manage cognitive load and promote deeper learning.
Collaborative Learning refers to a type of learning that involves working with o… #
Related terms include cooperative learning and team-based learning, which emphasize the importance of promoting social interaction and collaboration in the design of learning experiences. Collaborative learning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting social learning. For instance, group projects, discussions, and role-playing activities are commonly used to facilitate collaborative learning.
Computer #
Based Training refers to a type of learning that involves the use of computers to deliver instruction, which provides learners with flexible, accessible, and self-paced learning experiences. Related terms include online learning and e-learning, which highlight the importance of considering the role of technology in the design of learning experiences. Computer-Based Training is widely used in the field of Instructional Design as it provides a convenient, cost-effective, and efficient way to deliver instruction to diverse learners. For example, online courses, tutorials, and simulations are commonly used to facilitate computer-based training.
Constructivist Theory refers to the idea that learners construct their own knowl… #
Related terms include social constructivism and cognitive constructivism, which emphasize the importance of considering the role of the learner in the construction of knowledge. Constructivist Theory is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are learner-centered, engaging, and effective in promoting deeper learning. For instance, designers can use strategies such as inquiry-based learning, project-based learning, and authentic learning to promote constructivist approaches to learning.
Distance Learning refers to a type of learning that occurs at a distance, which… #
Distance learning is widely used in the field of Instructional Design as it provides a flexible, accessible, and convenient way to deliver instruction to diverse learners. For example, online courses, video conferencing, and email are commonly used to facilitate distance learning.
Educational Technology refers to the use of technology to support learning, whic… #
Related terms include instructional technology and learning technology, which highlight the importance of considering the role of technology in the design of learning experiences. Educational technology is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For instance, designers can use tools such as learning management systems, online discussion forums, and multimedia resources to facilitate learning.
Evaluation refers to the process of determining the effectiveness of a learning… #
Related terms include assessment and measurement, which highlight the importance of using evaluation data to inform instructional design decisions. Evaluation is a crucial aspect of Instructional Design as it helps designers determine the impact of their designs on learner outcomes and make data-driven decisions to improve instruction. For example, formative evaluation involves evaluating the learning experience during the design process, while summative evaluation involves evaluating the learning experience after it has been completed.
Experiential Learning refers to a type of learning that involves direct experien… #
Related terms include project-based learning and service-learning, which emphasize the importance of using real-world experiences to promote deeper learning. Experiential learning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For instance, designers can use strategies such as internships, field trips, and simulations to facilitate experiential learning.
Formative Assessment refers to the process of evaluating student learning during… #
Related terms include summative assessment and diagnostic assessment, which highlight the importance of using assessment data to inform instructional design decisions. Formative assessment is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers determine the effectiveness of their designs and make data-driven decisions to improve learner outcomes. For example, quizzes, class discussions, and homework assignments are commonly used to facilitate formative assessment.
Game #
Based Learning refers to a type of learning that involves the use of games to promote learning, which helps learners develop skills, build knowledge, and engage in fun and interactive learning experiences. Related terms include gamification and simulation-based learning, which emphasize the importance of using game design principles to promote learning. Game-Based Learning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For instance, designers can use strategies such as badges, points, and leaderboards to facilitate game-based learning.
Human Performance Technology refers to the use of technology to improve human pe… #
Human Performance Technology is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For example, designers can use tools such as learning management systems, online discussion forums, and multimedia resources to facilitate learning.
Inquiry #
Based Learning refers to a type of learning that involves exploring questions and problems, which helps learners develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and research skills. Related terms include project-based learning and problem-based learning, which emphasize the importance of using inquiry-based approaches to promote deeper learning. Inquiry-Based Learning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For instance, designers can use strategies such as open-ended questions, brainstorming, and research projects to facilitate inquiry-based learning.
Instructional Design refers to the systematic process of designing learning expe… #
Related terms include curriculum design and educational design, which highlight the importance of considering the role of the designer in the creation of learning experiences. Instructional Design is a key concept in the field of education as it helps designers create learning experiences that are effective, efficient, and engaging. For example, designers can use strategies such as needs analysis, goal-setting, and evaluation to facilitate instructional design.
Instructional Strategy refers to a plan or approach for delivering instruction,… #
Related terms include teaching method and learning approach, which highlight the importance of considering the role of the instructor in the delivery of instruction. Instructional Strategy is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For instance, designers can use strategies such as lectures, discussions, and hands-on activities to facilitate learning.
Keller's Arcs Model refers to a framework for designing learning experiences, wh… #
Related terms include motivation and engagement, which highlight the importance of considering the role of motivation in the design of learning experiences. Keller's Arcs Model is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For example, designers can use strategies such as games, simulations, and real-world applications to facilitate attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction.
Learning Management System refers to a software application that facilitates the… #
Related terms include learning platform and course management system, which highlight the importance of considering the role of technology in the design of learning experiences. Learning Management System is widely used in the field of Instructional Design as it provides a convenient, cost-effective, and efficient way to deliver instruction to diverse learners. For instance, designers can use learning management systems to facilitate online courses, discussions, and assignments.
Learning Objective refers to a statement that describes what learners will be ab… #
Related terms include learning goal and performance objective, which highlight the importance of considering the role of learning objectives in the design of learning experiences. Learning Objective is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are focused, relevant, and effective in promoting learning. For example, a learning objective that involves applying theoretical knowledge to a practical problem would be classified as a higher-order thinking skill.
Microlearning refers to a type of learning that involves short, focused learning… #
Related terms include just-in-time learning and bite-sized learning, which emphasize the importance of considering the role of microlearning in the design of learning experiences. Microlearning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For instance, designers can use strategies such as videos, podcasts, and mobile apps to facilitate microlearning.
Needs Analysis refers to the process of identifying the learning needs and gaps… #
Related terms include learning needs assessment and training needs analysis, which highlight the importance of considering the role of needs analysis in the design of learning experiences. Needs Analysis is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are relevant, effective, and efficient in promoting learning. For example, designers can use strategies such as surveys, interviews, and observations to facilitate needs analysis.
Online Learning refers to a type of learning that occurs online, which involves… #
Related terms include e-learning and distance learning, which highlight the importance of considering the role of technology in the design of learning experiences. Online Learning is widely used in the field of Instructional Design as it provides a flexible, accessible, and convenient way to deliver instruction to diverse learners. For instance, designers can use strategies such as online courses, video conferencing, and email to facilitate online learning.
Pedagogy refers to the art and science of teaching, which involves the use of a… #
Related terms include andragogy and instructional design, which highlight the importance of considering the role of the teacher in the delivery of instruction. Pedagogy is a key concept in the field of education as it helps designers create learning experiences that are effective, efficient, and engaging. For example, designers can use strategies such as lectures, discussions, and hands-on activities to facilitate learning.
Performance Improvement refers to the process of improving human performance, wh… #
Related terms include human performance technology and instructional design, which highlight the importance of considering the role of performance improvement in the design of learning experiences. Performance Improvement is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are effective, efficient, and engaging. For instance, designers can use strategies such as needs analysis, goal-setting, and evaluation to facilitate performance improvement.
Psychomotor Domain refers to the physical aspect of learning, which involves the… #
Related terms include cognitive domain and affective domain, which highlight the importance of considering the physical, emotional, and cognitive aspects of learning in the design of learning experiences. The psychomotor domain is divided into five categories: Perception, set, guided response, mechanism, and complex overt response, each representing a different level of physical complexity. For example, a learning objective that involves developing a physical skill would be classified under the psychomotor domain.
Self #
Directed Learning refers to a type of learning that involves learners taking ownership of their learning, which helps learners develop autonomy, self-motivation, and self-regulation skills. Related terms include autonomous learning and independent learning, which emphasize the importance of considering the role of self-directed learning in the design of learning experiences. Self-Directed Learning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For instance, designers can use strategies such as learning contracts, self-assessment, and feedback to facilitate self-directed learning.
Simulation #
Based Learning refers to a type of learning that involves the use of simulations to promote learning, which helps learners develop skills, build knowledge, and engage in realistic and interactive learning experiences. Related terms include game-based learning and experiential learning, which emphasize the importance of using simulation-based approaches to promote deeper learning. Simulation-Based Learning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For example, designers can use strategies such as virtual reality, role-playing, and case studies to facilitate simulation-based learning.
Social Learning Theory refers to the idea that learners learn through observing… #
Related terms include observational learning and imitation, which highlight the importance of considering the role of social learning in the design of learning experiences. Social Learning Theory is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For instance, designers can use strategies such as discussions, group work, and mentoring to facilitate social learning.
Storytelling refers to the use of narratives to promote learning, which helps le… #
Related terms include narrative learning and experiential learning, which emphasize the importance of using storytelling approaches to promote deeper learning. Storytelling is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning. For example, designers can use strategies such as case studies, scenarios, and anecdotes to facilitate storytelling.
Synchronous Learning refers to a type of learning that occurs in real #
time, which involves the use of technology to facilitate communication, collaboration, and instruction. Related terms include asynchronous learning and online learning, which highlight the importance of considering the role of technology in the design of learning experiences. Synchronous Learning is widely used in the field of Instructional Design as it provides a convenient, cost-effective, and efficient way to deliver instruction to diverse learners. For instance, designers can use strategies such as video conferencing, live chats, and virtual classrooms to facilitate synchronous learning.
Task Analysis refers to the process of identifying the tasks and skills required… #
Related terms include job analysis and learning needs assessment, which highlight the importance of considering the role of task analysis in the design of learning experiences. Task Analysis is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are relevant, effective, and efficient in promoting learning. For example, designers can use strategies such as observations, interviews, and surveys to facilitate task analysis.
Technology #
Enhanced Learning refers to the use of technology to support learning, which involves the use of tools, devices, and platforms to facilitate instruction, communication, and collaboration. Related terms include educational technology and instructional technology, which highlight the importance of considering the role of technology in the design of learning experiences. Technology-Enhanced Learning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are engaging, motivating, and effective in promoting learning.
Universal Design for Learning refers to a framework for designing learning exper… #
Related terms include inclusive design and accessible design, which emphasize the importance of considering the needs of diverse learners in the design of learning experiences. Universal Design for Learning is a key concept in Instructional Design as it helps designers create learning experiences that are relevant, effective, and efficient in promoting learning. For example, designers can use strategies such as multiple means of representation, expression, and engagement to facilitate universal design for learning.
Virtual Learning Environment refers to a software application that facilitates t… #
Related terms include learning management system and online learning platform, which highlight the importance of considering the role of technology in the design of learning experiences. Virtual Learning Environment is widely used in the field of Instructional Design as it provides a convenient, cost-effective, and efficient way to deliver instruction to diverse learners. For instance, designers can use virtual learning environments to facilitate online courses, discussions, and assignments.
Web #
Based Training refers to a type of learning that occurs online, which involves the use of web-based technologies to facilitate instruction, communication, and collaboration. Web-Based Training is widely used in the field of Instructional Design as it provides a flexible, accessible, and convenient way to deliver instruction to diverse learners. For example, designers can use strategies such as online courses, video conferencing, and email to facilitate web-based training.